charles coker . Gas Oil Yield is calculated by difference from 100%. The major contribution from the coker is that it allows a refiner to eliminate most or all of the low-value bottoms from crude oil to achieve higher yield of lighter products. •Fuels Gas and LPG are recovered for fuel or other products. The yield from a DCU can be varied to meet the refiner’s objectives through selection of operating parameters (pressure, temperature and recycle ratio). The fluid coker is a scaled-back flexicoker that gasifies only enough coke to provide fuel for the coker itself. It has been obtained a yield of gasoline of 90 wt% with ECAT-2 at 550 °C and for a contact time of 6 s, whose concentration of aromatics, naphthenes, n-paraffins, olefins and iso-paraffins is 25, 10, 28, 21 and 15 wt%, respectively, and its RON is 84. Coker naphtha The yield of coker naphtha is approximately 2.5% in reference to the feed of delayed coker unit. A comparison of product yields from two crude mixes based on these correlations and a commercially operating DCU is shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3. The feed to the DCU is the most important process variable. Calculate yield of liquid products in BPD. The inputs to the coker are heavy resid material from the vacuum unit and some conversion units. Linear programming (LP) algorithms are great mathematical tools to handle this complex problem efficiently. b. All Rights Reserved. 0 s . sulfur), heavy gas oil (2.3%), light vacuum gas oil (3%), heavy vacuum gas oil (3.7%), and heavy cycle gas oil (2%) could be blended together to meet the old 3.5% specification, but the new specification required hydrotreated heavy vacuum gas oil (close to 0%) blended with light cycle (1.1%) and heavy cycle (2%) gas oils coming out of the DCU. This website uses cookies to optimise your user experience. Maximise distillate yield to meet growing market demand. In 2011, the refining industry supplied 132 million barrels of petroleum coke with most of it subsequently consumed as fuel. A coker takes the lowest value bottoms material (vacuum resid) and cracks it to the point that all of the resid is eliminated, yielding only lighter fractions and solid carbon . These operating variables control yield and product quality. The correlations can also be used for validating crude for refineries, and for estimating product yields for new crudes processed in the refinery. The correlations developed have been used in selecting a configuration for the capacity expansion of a refinery in India. The feed has the greatest impact on operating conditions, yield, and product quality. Coker-nuts (Low London). Optimizing the Delayed Coker product yield slate is a critical activity to maximize the unit margin. The goal is to operate the coker to maximise the yield of clean distillates and minimise the yield of coke. In a competitive market, refiners are driven to optimise all potential investment options and select those options that provide the greatest profit. 5 ... less coke-make and thus a higher yield of liquid fractions that can subsequently be converted to In Table 3, Case 1 considers yields from correlations for a DCU for crude mix 1 (CCR 28.3). Fuel Coke Units Design & Operating Considerations • Maximize liquids; minimize coke – Minimize pressure and recycle rate – Maximizes Heavy Coker Gas Oil (HCGO) and its end point • Coke structure ranges from sponge to shot • Shot Coke – Made with high … Depending on the testing procedure, the result is reported as Conradson or Ramsbottom carbon residue in wt% units. Conclusion During the same time period, coke yields increased fi^om 3.04 tons/1000 Newsp. var CurrentYear = new Date().getFullYear() The above correlations can be used accurately for refinery configuration studies. The antithesis of ' warm with ' and ' hot with ' (sugar). The mixture of converted material flows into large drums, where the solid coke is allowed to settle and the lighter liquid/vapor is drawn off and sent to a fractionator for separation of the liquid products. Click here for more information. But due to high temperature The severity of coking will increase forming to Hard coke, which is … Feed quality depends on several factors including the quality and type of crude processed by crude distillation units and other processing units, the complexity of the refinery, and so on. d. Coke selectivity = coke yield/conversion (%). : A vacuum residue of Conradson carbon (wt% CCR = 15) is fed into a delayed coker at a rate of 200,000 lb/h, of API = 8.5 and with a sulphur content of 3.0 wt%.
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